Questions1) What are the structures that will be cut during episiotomy?
2) Name A and B.
3) What are the advantange and disadvantage for the above procedures?
4) What are the indications for episiotomy?
Answers
1) The structures to be cut are:
• skin and vaginal mucosa
• subcutaneous fat
• bulbospongiosus ms
• superficial and deep transverse perineal ms
2) Name:
A- Mediolateral episiotomy
B- Midline episiotomy
3) Advantage and disadvantage:
•Mediolateral
- Adv : avoid anal spincter trauma
- Disadv : high risk of bleeding
•Midline
- Adv : easy repair n low risk bleeding
- Disadv : 3 degree tear of external anal spincther
4) The indications are:
•Fetal distress
•Short perineum
•Shoulder dystocia
•Fetal malposition e.g. occipito-posterior
•Instrumental or breech delivery
•Previous pelvic floor surgery
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1 comments:
lignocaine is a local and regional anesthetics which will reduce Na+ and K+ permeability and leads to blockage of nerve conduction.
it is used in episiotomy.
it is metabolized by plasma and liver cholinesterase.
therefore, side effects are:
1) complete heart block
2) myasthenia gravis
Wassalam.
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